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12 Anti-Inflammatory Essential Oils To Heal Eczema

Inflammation is broadly defined as redness, swelling, pain, and tenderness in body tissue. Normally, it is a protective response against injury, infection, or chemical irritants. When the body experiences a harmful event, a fleet of immune cells are dispatched to the affected area, causing blood vessels to expand so that more blood can enter the injured site. Defensive cells are carried within the blood to aid in the healing process while certain hormones signal pain to the brain.

In most cases, inflammation is a wondrous healing mechanism. However, during eczema flare-ups as well as other inflammatory disorders, the immune system attacks otherwise healthy tissues in error. Several proteins and enzymes have been identified as pro-inflammatory, but the enzyme COX-2 specifically is found at elevated levels during inflammation. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen and aspirin were developed with the purpose of targeting and inhibiting the production of COX-2, thereby reducing pain, swelling, and fever.

Using NSAIDs to treat eczema isn’t a viable long-term approach because this class of drugs can create other serious health issues and can sometimes make the symptoms of eczema worse. Fortunately, researchpublished in 2009 examined 21 essential oils and identified six plants that were effective in supressing COX-2:

1. Thyme

Warm and spicy, thyme essential oil contains carvacrol, an organic compound that functions as a natural defense against pain, swelling, infection, and inflammation. As the most impressive of all the essential oils tested, thyme oil was found to reduce COX-2 expression by 65%.

2. Clove

Clove is composed of between 80-95% eugenol, a substance commonly used by dentists as an antiseptic and anti-inflammatory to relieve pain and swelling from dental surgeries. Smelling woody, warm, and slightly fruity, clove oil suppressed COX-2 by 40%.

3. Rose

The aroma of the Rosa damascena is flowery, sweet, and uplifting and has long been cherished for its anti-depressant and aphrodisiac properties. As an anti-inflammatory, it also contains eugenol and was effective in lowering COX-2 by 30%.

4. Eucalyptus

Eucalyptus oil has many amazing benefits. Fresh and earthy, its main ingredient is eucalyptol which is used commercially in mouthwashes, cough suppressants, and insecticides. In addition to beating back COX-2 by 25%, yet another study revealed that eucalyptus oil is an effective treatment for pain relief and inflammation.

5. Fennel

With the fragrance of licorice, fennel oil contains anethole which has powerful anti-inflammatory qualities. In the COX-2 study, it was able to impede the production of this enzyme by 22%.

6. Bergamot

Derived from an orange native to Italy, bergamot oil smells fresh and citrusy and is well-known for its energizing and mood boosting effects. Lowering COX-2 by 21%, additional research has demonstrated that bergamot oil reduced inflammation by 63% when applied at a concentration of 0.10 mL/kg.

Beyond the six essential oils identified in the COX-2 study, others have been shown to reduce inflammation. Namely:

7. Rose Geranium

More geranium in appearance and scent than rose, Pelargonium graveolens is an African flower. Rose geranium oil has been used historically for its soothing effects on the skin, and a 2013 study showed it also is a potent anti-inflammatory. Researchers applied a miniscule amount of oil to inflamed skin and found it reduced swelling by more than 70%.

8. Chamomile

With calming and sedative effects, chamomile oil is rich, fruity, and sweet. Both Roman and German chamomile oils have similar anti-inflammatory properties. Tested specifically for eczema, topical application with chamomile decreased inflammation, and as a maintenance therapy, it was superior to over-the-counter NSAIDs and steroid creams.

9. Tea Tree

Distilled from the foliage of Melaleuca alternifolia, tea tree leaves were first used by the Bundjalung people of Australia to treat infections, cold symptoms, and skin ailments. While tea tree oil has a myriad of extraordinary uses, it is especially good for promoting healthy skin by allaying acne, sores, itchiness, and inflammation.

10. Turmeric

Part of the ginger family, turmeric is chiefly composed of curcumin which gives it its yellow color and earthy, spicy aroma. Evidence of curcumin’s anti-inflammatory effects has been well-documented in a number of studies by inhibiting many of the molecules (COX-2 included!) that cause inflammation.

11. Black Pepper

Unlike ground peppercorns that can make you sneeze, black pepper oil is easier on the senses with crisp and piquant notes. Peperine gives black pepper its spicy profile and this compound has also been shown to inhibit the molecules responsible for pain and inflammation.

12. Lavender

As one of the most versatile essential oils, lavender is an all-in-one remedy for depression, sleeplessness, pain, poor digestion, and so much more. Lavender oil has also been found to substantially reduce inflammation.